![]() When it comes to a decision it is called buddhi. When the mind cogitates it is called manas. "The one antahkarana or inner organ is known by four different names, manas, buddhi, ahankara and chittam according to the different functions. This has been explained by Sri Sankara in Vivekachudamani in slokas 95 and 96 as below: The question arises, why have the intellect, ego-sense and the chittam been mentioned separately, when they are all included in the mind itself? The reason is that, though the mind is only one, it is given four different names in Vedanta according to the four different functions performed by it. This verse points out that this identification is wrong and is due to ignorance of the fact that every one is in reality the atma or self, which is identical with the supreme Brahman. A person identifies himself with his mind when he says, "I desire this", "I have resolved to do this", etc. The idea brought out here is that all emotions are in the mind and not in the atma. The mind is defined thus in Brihadaranyaka upanishad, 1.5.3 - "Desire, resolve, doubt, faith, lack of faith, steadiness, unsteadiness, shyness, intelligence, fear - all these are nothing but the mind". Note: In all these verses the term 'I' stands for the pure atma. I am the supreme auspiciousness of the form of consciousness-bliss. Nor am I the sky (space), or the earth, or fire, or air. I am not the ear, nor the tongue, nor the nose, nor the eyes. I am not the mind, nor the intellect, nor the ego-sense, nor the store-house of memories. This realization is what is known as liberation.ฤก. The instruction emphatically conveyed by the six verses of Nirvanashatkam is that identification with the body, mind, and senses is the root cause of all sorrow and that it should be given up and one should realize one's real nature as none other than the supreme Brahman. "Prakarana is a text which explains some particular aspects of the Sastra and deals with certain secondary questions arising out of the explanations given". Prakarana has been defined in the Vishnu Dharmottara Purana thus: Nirvanashatkam is a prakarana grantha consisting of six verses. In the third category fall devotional hymns. These vary in length from half a verse to one thousand verses. The second category consists of independent works, known as prakarana granthas, which expound the gist of the Upanishads in simple language. The first category, meant for the intellectually most advanced, comprises his commentaries (Bhashya) on the Upanishads, Brahmasutra and the Bhagavadgita. These can be grouped under three broad categories. Sri Sankara Bhagavatpada has blessed posterity with a large number of invaluable compositions. ![]()
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